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''The Seven Deadly Sins and the Four Last Things'' is a painting that has traditionally been attributed to Hieronymus Bosch, completed around 1500 or later. Since 1898 its authenticity has been questioned several times. The painting is oil on wood panels and is presented in a series of circular images. Four small circles, detailing the four last things — "Death of the Sinner", "Judgment", "Hell" and "Glory" — surround a larger circle in which the seven deadly sins are depicted: wrath at the bottom, then (proceeding clockwise) envy, greed, gluttony, sloth, extravagance (later called lust), and pride, in scenes from life rather than in allegorical representations of the sins. At the centre of the large circle, which is said to represent the eye of God, is a "pupil" in which Christ can be seen emerging from his tomb. Below this image is the Latin inscription ''Cave Cave Deus Videt'' ("Beware, Beware, God Sees"). Above and below the central image are inscription in Latin of Deuteronomy 32:28-29, containing the lines "For they are a nation void of counsel, neither is there any understanding in them", above, and "O that they were wise, that they understood this, that they would consider their latter end!" below. ==Discipulo== In 1560 Felipe de Guevara wrote about a pupil of Bosch, a "discipulo", who was as good as his master and even signed his works with his master's name.〔Felipe de Guevara (1560), ''Commentarios de la Pintura''. English summary and commentary in: Stechow, Wolfgang, (1966), ''Northern Renaissance Art 1400-1600: Sources and Documents'' (paperback 1989, pp. 19-20).〕 Immediately after this, and without starting a new paragraph, de Guevara refers to the painting of the ''Seven Deadly Sins'' as characteristic of his style. This brought some scholars, as early as Dollmayr (1898) and most vocally by Stechow (1966), to ascribe the work to this pupil. Most experts have argued since, however, in spite of the context, that de Guevara had returned to a description of the works of Bosch himself. For a considerable time, therefore, the painting was considered to be a work from Bosch's early period. The attribution to the ''discipulo'' was revived in the catalogue of the 2001 Bosch exhibition in Rotterdam), by Vermet and Vandenbroeck, who also suggested that several of the costumes suggest a much later date, around 1500, so that the awkward drawing and execution cannot be attributed to youthful imperfection, and that the painting was not on oak, all adding to their doubts about the attribution to Bosch.〔Koldeweij, J., P. Vandenbroeck, J. and Vermet, B. (2001), ''Jheronimus Bosch: The complete paintings and drawings'', Harry N. Abrams, ISBN 978-0810967359, pp. 93 and 178.〕 In October 2015, the Bosch Research and Conservation Project,〔(boschproject.org )〕 which had been responsible, since 2007, for technical research on most of Bosch's paintings, confirmed that they had rejected the attribution to Bosch and that they considered it to be made by a follower, most likely ''the discipulo''.〔(Twee beroemde werken toch niet van Jeroen Bosch ), NOS, 31 October 2015〕 In a reaction, the Prado Museum stated that they still consider the piece to be authentic. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「The Seven Deadly Sins and the Four Last Things」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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